Located in the arid region of Rajasthan, Bikaner is a city steeped in history, and one of its most iconic landmarks is the Junagarh Fort. This majestic fort, built in the late 16th century, showcases the rich heritage of Rajasthan, offering visitors a glimpse into its royal past. Unlike many other forts in the region, Junagarh Fort stands on the plains rather than on a hilltop, making it unique in both its design and location. With its intricate architecture, stunning frescoes, and royal grandeur, the fort is a must-visit for history buffs, architecture enthusiasts, and travelers alike.
Historical Significance of Junagarh Fort
Junagarh Fort was originally built by Rao Bika, the founder of Bikaner, in 1478. However, it was expanded and fortified by Rao Jait Singh in the late 16th century, leading to its current architectural grandeur. The fort remained the royal residence of the Bikaner rulers for several centuries and has witnessed several expansions under different kings.
The fort complex consists of several palaces, temples, and gardens, each reflecting the regal lifestyle of the Bikaner royals. The walls are adorned with beautiful frescoes, carvings, and intricate architectural details, blending Rajput, Mughal, and Gujarati styles. Notably, the fort has never been conquered by invaders, which is a testament to its strong defense system and the strategic mind behind its design.
Key Attractions Inside Junagarh Fort
- Karan Mahal: This is one of the oldest parts of the fort, built in the 16th century. It features magnificent frescoes and mirror work, reflecting the opulence of the time.
- Anup Mahal: Known for its elaborate Mughal-style architecture, this palace served as the royal audience hall. Its high ceilings, wooden paneling, and ornate decor add to its grandeur.
- Ganga Niwas and Rang Mahal: These two palaces are some of the most beautifully decorated parts of the fort. They are known for their beautiful ceiling frescoes, delicate glasswork, and regal furnishing.
- Temple of Karni Mata: A marble-carved temple within the fort dedicated to Karni Mata, the family deity of the Bikaner royal family, is an important cultural landmark.
The fort also houses a museum showcasing royal artifacts, including weapons, costumes, and ancient manuscripts. The sheer beauty and intricate detailing in each corner make Junagarh Fort a living example of Rajasthan’s royal heritage.
How to Reach Junagarh Fort
By Air: The nearest airport to Bikaner is Nal Airport (Bikaner Airport), located about 15 km from the fort. Though the airport has limited connectivity, you can catch flights from major cities like Delhi and Jaipur. Alternatively, you can fly into Jaipur International Airport (approximately 330 km away) and travel by road to Bikaner.
By Train: Bikaner Junction is well-connected by rail to other major cities like Jaipur, Delhi, and Mumbai. From the railway station, it is only 3 km to the fort, and you can easily take a local taxi or auto-rickshaw to the fort.
By Road: Bikaner is easily accessible by road from other parts of Rajasthan. The city is well-connected by highways, and you can take a private taxi or local bus to reach Junagarh Fort. Distance from Jaipur to Bikaner is approximately 330 km.
Famous Food Around Junagarh Fort
Bikaner is renowned for its delicious cuisine, and a visit to the fort would be incomplete without savoring the local flavors. While there are no major eateries inside the fort itself, you can enjoy these famous dishes at nearby restaurants or in the city:
- Bikaneri Bhujia: This famous crunchy snack made from gram flour and spices is a must-try. A pack of Bikaneri Bhujia costs around ₹100-₹200 for a 250g packet. It’s available in shops near the fort and is a popular takeaway item.
- Kachori: Bikaner is famous for its spicy kachoris filled with lentils and spices. The cost of a plate of kachoris with chutney is around ₹50-₹100.
- Churma: A traditional Rajasthani sweet dish made of crushed wheat, ghee, and sugar. It is typically served with dal baati (a lentil dish). A serving of churma costs around ₹60-₹80.
- Rajasthani Thali: A traditional thali served with a variety of dishes like dal, baati, gatte ki sabzi, and more. A full Rajasthani thali in a restaurant costs around ₹300-₹500.
- Sweets: Bikaner is also famous for sweets like Rasgulla, Ghevar, and Kalakand. A box of sweets can cost anywhere from ₹200-₹500, depending on the type and quantity.
What to Shop in Bikaner
Bikaner offers a wide variety of handicrafts and local goods, making it a great place for shopping. Some of the most popular items to shop for include:
- Bikaneri Bhujia: A packed souvenir of this crunchy snack is a perfect gift. You can buy a packet for around ₹100-₹200.
- Camel Leather Products: Bikaner is famous for its camel leather goods, including bags, wallets, belts, and footwear. Prices range from ₹500 to ₹5,000 depending on the product.
- Miniature Paintings: Bikaner’s miniature paintings, which depict royal scenes, animals, and mythological stories, are highly prized. Prices for small paintings start at around ₹1,000 and can go up to ₹10,000 or more for larger pieces.
- Lacquerware: Colorful lacquer bangles, jewelry boxes, and other decorative items make for excellent souvenirs. Prices for these items range from ₹100 to ₹1,500.
- Textiles: Traditional bandhani (tie-dye), block-printed fabrics, and woolen carpets from Bikaner are perfect for those looking to bring a piece of Rajasthan home. The prices for textiles start from ₹500 for small scarves to ₹5,000 for larger items like bedspreads or carpets.
- Kundan and Meenakari Jewelry: Traditional jewelry from Bikaner, known for its intricate designs, can cost anywhere from ₹1,000 to ₹10,000 depending on the craftsmanship and quality.
Conclusion
Bikaner Fort, with its unique architectural style and rich historical significance, offers a fascinating journey through Rajasthan’s royal past. Whether you’re exploring the intricately designed palaces, enjoying local Rajasthani cuisine, or shopping for handicrafts, the fort provides a complete cultural experience. Easily accessible by road, rail, and air, Junagarh Fort is a must-visit for anyone interested in exploring the majestic history and heritage of Rajasthan. From exploring the fort’s regal architecture to indulging in local food and shopping, a visit to Bikaner promises to be an unforgettable experience.